Population dynamics of Varroa mite and honeybee: Effects of parasitism with age structure and seasonality

• The non-linear DDE model is used to study honeybee-mite population dynamics with seasonality. Mites and age structure can destabilize that leads colony collapse. queen’s egg-laying rate has the greatest effect on size. Seasonality in either promote or suppress survival at different conditions. Honeybees play an important role production of many agricultural crops sustaining plant diversity undisturbed ecosystems. rapid decline honeybee populations have sparked great concern worldwide. Field theoretical studies shown parasitic Varroa mite ( destructor Anderson Trueman) could be main reason for losses. In order understand how mites affect honeybees health a colony, we propose brood-adult bee-mite interaction which time lag from brood adult bee taken into account. Noting temporal varies respect season, validate perform parameter estimations under both constant fluctuating seasonality scenarios. Our analytical numerical reveal following: (a) presence parasite mites, large drive collapse; however small natural mortality mite-free when intermediate level; (b) Small brood’ infestation rates stabilize all unique interior equilibrium while may die out account; (c) High leading collapse depending initial size seasonal conditions; (d) Results our sensitivity analysis indicate size.The death survivability half maximal were also highly sensitive inverse correlation results provide insights effects dynamics. For example, leaving healthy bees collapses without